Journal: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
Article Title: Activation of STING signaling aggravates chronic alcohol exposure‐induced cognitive impairment by increasing neuroinflammation and mitochondrial apoptosis
doi: 10.1111/cns.14689
Figure Lengend Snippet: Activation of STING signaling induced by alcohol in neurons led to mitochondrial apoptosis. (A, B) Representative immunoblot images and quantitative analyses of the expression of STING pathway‐associated genes in PC12 cells treated with control and EtOH (300 mM) ( n = 3). (C) Representative immunoblot images showing the expression of STING signaling pathway‐associated genes in primary neurons treated with various concentrations of alcohol (0, 100, 200, 300 mM). (D, E) Representative images and quantitative analyses of apoptotic PC12 cells in the different groups, as measured by flow cytometry ( n = 4, DMXAA (50 μg/mL)). (F) Quantitative analyses of the activities of caspase 3, caspase 9, and caspase 8 in PC12 cells in the different groups ( n = 3, DMXAA (50 μg/mL)). (G, I) Effects of DMXAA on the mitochondrial membrane potential of PC12 cells treated with alcohol, as measured by flow cytometry using JC‐1 ( n = 3, DMXAA (50 μg/mL)). (H, J) Effects of DMXAA on ROS production in PC12 cells treated with alcohol, as measured by flow cytometry using JC‐1 ( n = 3, DMXAA (50 μg/mL)). Scale bar = 100 μm. (K, L) Representative images and quantitative analyses of TBK1, p‐TBK1 and mitochondrial apoptosis‐associated gene expression in the different groups ( n = 3, DMXAA (50 μg/mL)). The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; ns, nonsignificant.
Article Snippet: The mouse microglial cell line BV2 and the mouse neuronal cell line PC12, purchased from Procell Life, China, were cultured in DMEM (Gibco, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Excellbio, China) and 1% penicillin and streptomycin (Gibco, USA) at 37°C and 5% CO2.
Techniques: Activation Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Control, Flow Cytometry, Membrane, Gene Expression
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